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STUDY: Lein's Lesson, Overview and so on

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What's Arka?

Climate of Atolas

Etymology

Etymology 2

Phase

Foreign Languages

Dialects

Writing Arka

Daily Phrases

Phase


In Japanese 「私は紫苑です」, 「あたし紫苑」 and 「俺は紫苑だぜ」 have the same meaning, but have a different nuance. They all mean "I am Shion" in English.
The expressive power of English is poorer than that of Japanese on this point, I mean, the phase.



It's true that English doesn't convey a subtle sense of the way of speaking of the speaker as compared to Japanese.



I always feel it when I read manga in English.
In Japanese, if the speaker calls himself "拙者," we can understand he is a samurai. But in English, he has no choice but to call himself just "I."
And how about Arka on this point?



You're speaking about the phase.
Arka has a lot of pronouns. Speakers of Arka choose pronouns they call themselves with.



Arka has as many as 12 words which mean "I" like I taught you before.
It doesn't have a pronoun which means a samurai, so I think Japanese has more pronouns than Arka does. But Arka uses these 12 pronouns in a daily life.



It's true that Japanese has many pronouns but we rarely use 拙者. We onlu use 俺, 私 and 僕 in a daily life.
So, I think Arka is more sensitive to pronouns.



僕 is "ami" and "men" in Arka. "ami" is for intelligent and sensitive men, while "men" is for children and childlike men.
俺 is "der" and "dai" in Arka. "der" is for strong and upstanding men, while "dai" is for...



for guys with foul mouth.
Girls use various pronouns, too. Lein calls herself "non," while I do myself "noel." Girls with foul mouth call themselves "gan."



Now I understand the expressive power of Arka, but it's too hard to remember the pronouns.
Uh... but I believe native speakers memorize the pronouns with no effort.
By the way, does Arka have words that indicate the speaker is an old man?



It does. But he would use an ending independence, not a pronoun, to express the phase.
The ending independence "da" is used to show an affirmation of proposition. I use "deel" instead of "da," and the old do "dya."
But actually, few old people would use "dya," though in novels, old people tend to use it.



Besides, there is another ending independence like "myu." It's a cats' meow and it tells us the cuteness of the speaker.
I wonder English native speakers would understand the exprresive power of Arka.
By the way, I don't use "myu" because it's a bit childish, but maybe Lein would use it.



I'm not childish myu!

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